STUDY ON IMPACT OF MINING IN GENERAL
The impact of mining activity in general is going to change the local ecological, land use, potential for increased erosion and sedimentation and will reduce the level of diversity of flora and fauna in the vicinity. Besides other effects of the waste generated is either solid or liquid which may result in loss of quality of surface water and underground water, especially when there is activity in the mining process that uses acid solution. The impact will further lead to changes in the social aspects of the local environment, especially if the settlements are densely populated.A. Components of the Environment Rona Home Location Quarry should be noted:
a. Climate
1. Type or a wet tropical climate
2. The rainy season, drought and pacaroba.
3. State of the wind direction.
4. Maximum air temperature and minimum air temperature.
5. Rata2 humidity.
b. Space, Land, and Land.
1. Land use, according to circumstances on the ground is shifting and perennials.
2. Type of soil cover on mine sites, soil productive or critical.
c. Hydrology:
Types of water sources are mostly used, eg PMA, rivers, dig wells, etc..
B. Component as Source of Impact:
a. Preparatory Phase, among others:
- Procurement / land acquisition
- Utilization of local labor
- Mobilization of equipment
- Land clearing
- Development of facilities and infrastructure
b. Operational Stage, among others:
- Phase excavation
- Phase transport
- Phase processing and production
c. Post-Surgical Stage, among others:
- Reclamation / rehabilitation of mining land
- Handling the production of labor after mining ends.
C. Environmental component affected due to environmental impact of mining activities:
a. Space, land and soil:
- Changes in land use, increased erosion, decreased soil fertility and spatial changes.
b. Physiography:
- Changes in topography, the reduced carrying capacity of the soil, landscape changes,
and declining slope stability.
c. Climate and air quality:
- Increased noise
- Declining air quality
- Changes in microclimate
d. Hydrology:
- Declining water quality either surface water or groundwater.
- There will be changes in hydrological patterns and the increased flow of surface water.
e. Flora and Fauna:
- Decreased levels of biodiversity, local flora and fauna.
f. Social, Economic, Cultural and Public Health:
- The emergence of social unrest due to the compensation
- The emergence of social jealousy in the use of labor
- Incidence of certain diseases, such as dieseinosis, asbestosis and other respiratory
diseases.
To anticipate the possibility of negative environmental impacts as a result of mining, it must first be carried out Environmental Impact Assessment Study in accordance with the legislation applicable (PP. 27, 1999 and other legislation related).
